Formally founded in 1912, ABC (formerly the All British Engine Company) Motors Ltd. entered both the motorcycle and aircraft engine business. Its early engines were water-cooled vertical and V-type types having four to sixteen cylinders. A Sopwith biplane powered by the four-cylinder vertical model won the 1912 Michelin Cup race.

Although ABC’s later air-cooled radial models were a failure because of poorly designed cylinders that overheated, the same cylinder design did work well in the smaller, opposed type Gnat, first manufactured during World War I. The Gnat powered the Penguin trainer, B.A.T.F.K.28 Crow, Blackburn Sidecar, Grain (P.V.7) Kitten, and Sopwith Bee/Tadpole/Sparrow aircraft. Produced in both geared and direct drive versions, its success led to the somewhat smaller Scorpion I and Scorpion II in the 1920s. The larger Hornet of 1924, a flat-four type, used the Scorpion cylinders. During World War II, ABC produced auxiliary power units.

 Display Status

This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.
Object Details
Date Circa1913 Country of Origin United Kingdom Type PROPULSION-Reciprocating & Rotary Manufacturer A.B.C. Motors (London, England)
 Physical Description Type: Reciprocating, 2 cylinders, opposed, air-cooled Power rating: 34 kW (45 hp) at 1,800 rpm Displacement: 2.28 L (139 cu in) Bore and Stroke: 110 mm (4.33 in.) x 120 mm (4.72 in.) Weight: 52.2 kg (115 lb) Dimensions 3-D (Engine): 96.5 × 50.8 × 40.6cm, 33.1kg (3 ft. 2 in. × 1 ft. 8 in. × 1 ft. 4 in., 73lb.)
3-D (Aluminum Pallet Storage): 121.9 × 121.9 × 48.3cm, 55.3kg (4 ft. × 4 ft. × 1 ft. 7 in., 122lb.)
 Materials Steel, Aluminum, Paint, Copper
 Inventory Number A19520102000 Credit Line Transferred from the Department of the Navy, Bureau of Aeronautics, Washington, D.C. Data Source National Air and Space Museum Restrictions & Rights Usage conditions apply
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