This undergarment was developed for use by female astronauts on early Shuttle flights, to be worn during launch or spacewalks, when the toilet was not accessible. Male astronauts could wear a urine collection hose and bag assembly. Nost astronauts now, both male and female, choose to use ordinary disposable undergarments when they are wearing pressure suits.
NASA transferred several types of disposable underwear and urine/fecal collection devices to the Museum, including this one in 1999.
This object is on display in Human Spaceflight at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.