GE began design work in 1949 on the XJ47-21 (later J73-GE-3) in response to an Air Force requirement for an all-weather engine capable of attaining 18.2 km (60,000 ft.) altitude. After a problematic development program, the J73 passed its 150-hour military qualification test in 1954. The engine was considered by various manufacturers as a power plant for the Boeing KC-97, Boeing B-47C, Republic F-84, and the Northrop YF-89E aircraft. However, only North American made a commitment for its F-86H fighter.

The J73 produced almost 50 percent more thrust than its J47 predecessor, and was GE's engine to incorporate titanium, a two-stage turbine, variable stators (inlet guide vanes), and cannular combustor. It became operational in the North American F-86H in 1953, powering this aircraft to a world speed record of 1,038 km/hr (649 mph) over a 500 km (313 mile) course. A total of 876 -3 engines were purchased by the Air Force, with production completed in 1956.