The Stratospheric Aerosol Measurement 1 (SAM 1) instrument flew on the 1976 Apollo-Soyuz mission. It served as a proof-of-concept for a series of follow-on scientific instruments that studied the role of small particles (aerosols) over the Earth's polar regions, including those generated by human activity. Such data provided better understanding of the atmosphere as a physical system.
SAM 1 initiated a line of research that helped gather data on and model the ozone hole over the Antarctic. Operated by Apollo-Soyuz astronauts, SAM 1 was returned to Earth and subsequently transferred from NASA to the Museum in 2017.
This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.