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The Liberty engine was America's most important contribution to aeronautical technology during World War I. Jesse G. Vincent of Packard and Elbert J. Hall of Hall-Scott co-designed it in mid-1917 for the U.S. government, which wanted a standard design in 4-, 6-, 8-, and 12-cylinder versions that could be quickly mass-produced to equip U.S. combat aircraft. Automakers Ford, Lincoln, Packard, Marmon, and Buick produced 20,748 Liberty 12s before the Armistice, which insured their widespread use into the 1920s and '30s.

Details of the turbo-supercharger design were based on experience of the turbine and centrifugal compressor departments of the General Electric Company, where the first one was built at its facility in Lynn, Massachusetts, led by Dr. Sanford Moss.

The Packard Motor Car Company built the engine, and GE built the turbo-supercharger assembly. Turbo-supercharged Liberty engines powered aircraft such as the: LePere LUSAC-11, Martin MB-2 (NBS-1), de Havilland XDH-4BS and DH-4M-2S.

 Display Status

This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.
Object Details
Date October 31,1918 Country of Origin United States of America Type PROPULSION-Reciprocating & Rotary Designer Elbert J. Hall
Jesse G. Vincent
 Model Liberty
 Manufacturer Packard Motor Car Company (Detroit, Michigan)
 Physical Description Type: Reciprocating, V-type, 12 cylinders, air-cooled, supercharged Power rating: 334 kW (449 hp) at 1,940 rpm Displacement: 27 L (1,649 cu in.) Bore and Stroke: 127 mm (5 in.) x 178 mm (7 in.) Weight: 382.8 kg (844 lb) Dimensions Overall: 49 × 27 × 67 3/8 in. (124.5 × 68.6 × 171.2cm)
Other: 49 x 67 3/8 x 27 x 61 x 76 x 48in. (124.5 x 171.2 x 68.6 x 154.9 x 193 x 121.9cm)
Approximate (Weight on Stand): 625.1kg (1378lb.)
Height 124.5 cm (49 in.), Width 68.6 cm (27 in.), 171.2 cm (67.4 in.)
 Materials Steel, Aluminum, Rubber, Textile, Paint, Copper, Phenolic, Brass
 Inventory Number A19660043000 Credit Line Transferred from the U.S. Navy, Naval Supply Center, Cheatham Annex, Williamsburg, Virginia. Data Source National Air and Space Museum Restrictions & Rights Open Access (CCO)
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