The Pioneer mission to Venus consisted of two spacecraft, an orbiter and a multiprobe that entered the Venusian atmosphere, each of them launched separately. This is a model of the Pioneer Venus multiprobe. The Pioneer Venus multiprobe carried and released four probes, which measured the atmospheric composition, temperature, and pressure as they descended toward a hard landing on the surface.
NASA transferred this to the Museum in 1982.
This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.