Launched in 1960, Echo 1 was designed to explore the new field of communications via space. Its design was remarkably simple: Essentially a large balloon, measuring 30 meters (100 feet) across, the satellite provided a reflective surface in space. Radio signals directed at Echo from one location on Earth "bounced" to another. By the time Echo 2 was launched in 1964, other types of communications satellites had proven superior, and researchers used the Echos primarily for scientific experiments.
Echo satellites, manufactured by the G.T. Schjeldahl Co., posed a unique technical challenge. They were sent into orbit folded flat and then inflated in space. Inflation had to proceed carefully to ensure the integrity of the satellite's "balloon" surface. This one is a flight spare folded in its launch canister.
The National Museum of American History transferred this artifact to the Museum in 2003.
Display Status
This object is on display in James S. McDonnell Space Hangar at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.
Object Details
Country of Origin
United States of America
Type
SPACECRAFT-Uncrewed
Manufacturer
G. T. Schjeldahl Co.
Dimensions
Overall: 91.44cm diameter (3ft)
Materials
Aluminum, mylar
Alternate Name
Echo 1 Communications Satellite
Inventory Number
A20030090000
Credit Line
Transferred from the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.
Data Source
National Air and Space Museum
Restrictions & Rights
Open Access (CCO)
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