Zippered pouches like this one were used on Gemini spacecraft and allowed astronauts to secure their camera equipment. In the weightless and cramped confines of an orbiting spacecraft, small objects need secure locations so as not to hinder the work of the astronauts when not being used. NASA also uses Velcro on small items for short term attachment to the inside of the spacecraft.
NASA transferred this pouch to the Museum in 1968.
This object is on display in James S. McDonnell Space Hangar at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Chantilly, VA.