This is probably an impeller element for a pump for one of the experimental liquid propellant rockets of the American rocket pioneer Dr. Robert H. Goddard (1882-1945). It may date to his P- or pump series of rockets, undertaken from Sept. 1938 to Oct. 1941, at his test site at Roswell, New Mexico.
It was found in the Smithsonian collections, but likely was originally part of a major gift of Goddard artifacts to the Smithsonian by the Daniel and Florence Guggenheim Foundation in 1950.
This object is not on display at the National Air and Space Museum. It is either on loan or in storage.