Topographic Map of Martian Surface

This image shows a topographic map of the Martian surface, with lowest land in blue and highest in white. Standing at an impressive 22 km, Olympus Mons is the tallest volcano in the entire solar system.

The Medusae Fossae Formation (MFF) is an enigmatic region close to the equator. It consists of a series of massive wind-sculpted deposits measuring hundreds of kilometers across and several kilometers high. Found at the boundary between Mars’s highlands and lowlands, the MFF is possibly the biggest single source of dust on Mars, and one of the most extensive deposits on the planet.